How often do we hear a 'quotation' from Karl Marx
"Religion is the opium of the people"
In actual fact he didn't exactly say that. He said:
The foundation of irreligious criticism is: Man makes religion,
religion does not make man. Religion is, indeed, the self-consciousness
and self-esteem of man who has either not yet won through to himself, or
has already lost himself again. But man is no abstract being squatting
outside the world. Man is the world of man – state, society. This state
and this society produce religion, which is an inverted consciousness of
the world, because they are an inverted world. Religion is the general
theory of this world, its encyclopaedic compendium, its logic in popular
form, its spiritual point d’honneur, its enthusiasm, its moral
sanction, its solemn complement, and its universal basis of consolation
and justification. It is the fantastic realization of the human essence
since the human essence has not acquired any true reality. The struggle
against religion is, therefore, indirectly the struggle against that
world whose spiritual aroma is religion.
Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion
is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world,
and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.
The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of the people is
the demand for their real happiness. To call on them to give up their
illusions about their condition is to call on them to give up a
condition that requires illusions. The criticism of religion is,
therefore, in embryo, the criticism of that vale of tears of which
religion is the halo.
Criticism has plucked the imaginary flowers on the chain not in order
that man shall continue to bear that chain without fantasy or
consolation, but so that he shall throw off the chain and pluck the
living flower.
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